스프링xml로 의존성 주입시 JUnit4와 JUnit5 차이

JUnit4와 JUnit5는 테스트 코드가 조금 다르다.

의존성 주입은 Tire인터페이스를 구현한 KoreaTire, AmericaTire클래스를 Car클래스에 주입하는데, xml파일에서 Car의 에 를 추가해 tire를 받게 했다.

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="koreaTire" class="expert003.KoreaTire"></bean>
    <bean id="americaTire" class="expert003.AmericaTire"></bean>

    <bean id="car" class="expert003.Car">
        <property name="tire" ref="koreaTire"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

그리고 JUnit으로 테스트를 해봤더니 org.junit.runners.model.InvalidTestClassError가 떴다.
왜 그런지 검색해보니 JUnit4와 JUnit5의 테스트 코드가 조금 달랐기 때문이다.

JUnit4

package expert003;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("expert003.xml")
public class CarTest {
    @Autowired
    Car car;

    @Test
    public void CarKoreaTireTest() {
        assertEquals("tire name: korea tire", car.getTireBrand());
    }
}

JUnit5는 다음과 같다.
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)에서 @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)로 수정했다.

package expert003;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@ContextConfiguration("expert003.xml")
public class CarTest {
    @Autowired
    Car car;

    @Test
    public void CarKoreaTireTest() {
        assertEquals("tire name: korea tire", car.getTireBrand());
    }
}

테스트 성공

SpringExtension을 못 찾는 오류가 발생한다면 springframework test 의존성을 추가하면 된다.

뤼튼의 도움을 받아 다음과 같이 작성했다.

pom.xml

        <!-- Spring Test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.11</version> <!-- Match this version with your current spring version -->
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
...
<plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.22.2</version><!-- Use the latest version -->
                <configuration>
                    <!-- Following line is important to run tests in older IDEs and builds systems like Jenkins-->
                    <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>

                    <!-- Following line is important to force IDEs run with JUnit Platform and not with older JUnit versions-->
                    <argLine>--add-modules=ALL-MODULE-PATH --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
                    </argLine>

                </configuration>

                <!-- Following lines are important for console output when tests are executed via Maven CLI-->
                <dependencies >
                    <!--<dependency>-->
                    <!--<groupId>junit-platform-launcher-group-id></groupId>-->
                    <!--<artifactId>junit-platform-launcher-artifact-id></artifactId>-->
                    <!--<version>junit-platform-launcher-version></version>-->
                    <!--&lt;!&ndash; scope not provided &ndash;&gt;-->
                    <!--/dependency>-->
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>